Ukraine has lodged a complaint against Russia at the International Court of Justice in The Hague to get it to halt its invasion, President Volodymyr Zelensky has said.
“Russia must be held accountable for manipulating the notion of genocide to justify aggression,” he said on Twitter.
“We request an urgent decision ordering Russia to cease military activity now and expect trials to start next week.”
The ICJ, which is based in the Netherlands capital The Hague, does not have a mandate to bring criminal charges against individual Russian leaders behind the four-day-old invasion.
But it is the world’s top court for resolving legal complaints between states over alleged breaches of international law. It is the supreme judicial institution of the United Nations.
The Kremlin has tried to justify its operation to “demilitarise” Ukraine as an attempt to prevent the alleged persecution of the country’s Russian-speaking minority.
But the international community has roundly condemned the invasion as a flagrant breach of international law, and many Ukrainian civilians have volunteered to defend their country.
Earlier, Mr Zelensky said Russia was bombarding residential areas in Ukraine as its invading forces sought to push deeper into the country.
“The past night in Ukraine was brutal, again shooting, again bombardments of residential areas, civilian infrastructure,” Mr Zelensky said in an address posted online.
“Today, there is not a single thing in the country that the occupiers do not consider an acceptable target. They fight against everyone. They fight against all living things – against kindergartens, against residential buildings and even against ambulances.”
He said Russian forces were “firing rockets and missiles at entire city districts in which there isn’t and never has been any military infrastructure”.
“Vasylkiv, Kyiv, Chernigiv, Sumy, Kharkiv and many other towns in Ukraine are living in conditions that were last experienced on our lands during World War II.”
He also said Ukraine was willing to hold talks with Russia, but rejected convening them in neighbouring Belarus as it was being used as a launchpad for Moscow’s invasion.
“Warsaw, Bratislava, Budapest, Istanbul, Baku. We proposed all of them,” Mr Zelensky said in an address posted online.
The Kremlin said its delegation was ready to meet Ukrainian officials in the Belarusian city of Gomel.
Russian forces attacked oil and gas facilities in Ukraine, sparking huge explosions, officials said, and Western allies prepared new sanctions, including banishing key Russia banks from the main global payments system.
Ukrainian forces were holding off Russian troops advancing on the capital, Kyiv, Mr Zelensky said as the biggest assault on a European state since World War II entered its fourth day.
Russian missiles found their mark, including a strike that set an oil terminal ablaze in Vasylkiv, southwest of Kyiv, the town’s mayor said. Blasts sent huge flames and billowing black smoke into the night sky, online posts showed.
There were also reports of heavy fighting for Ukraine’s second city, Kharkiv, in the northeast, where Russian troops blew up a natural gas pipeline, a Ukrainian state agency said.
However, Ukraine’s gas pipeline operator said the transit of Russian gas to Europe via Ukraine continues normally and the pipeline has not been damaged by any blasts.
Russian troops later entered Kharkiv, an interior ministry adviser, Anton Herashchenko, said on Telegram.
Videos posted by him and a state agency showed several military vehicles moving on a street and, separately, a burning tank.
Russian-backed separatists in the eastern province of Luhansk said a Ukrainian missile had blown an oil terminal in the town of Rovenky.
Moscow claimed its troops had “entirely” besieged the southern Ukrainian city of Kherson and the city of Berdyansk in the southeast.
“Over the past 24 hours, the cities of Kherson and Berdyansk have been completely blocked by the Russian armed forces,” defence ministry spokesman Igor Konashenkov said in a statement carried by Russian news agencies.
Russian President Vladimir Putin launched what he called a special military operation on Thursday, ignoring weeks of Western warnings and saying the “neo-Nazis” ruling Ukraine threatened Russia’s security – a charge Kyiv and Western governments say is baseless propaganda.
Reuters witnesses in Kyiv reported occasional blasts and gunfire in the city last night but it was not clear where this was coming from.
“We have withstood and are successfully repelling enemy attacks. The fighting goes on,” Mr Zelensky said in a video message from the streets of Kyiv posted on his social media.
A US defence official said Ukraine’s forces were putting up “very determined resistance” to Russia’s air, land and sea advance, which has sent hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians fleeing westwards, clogging major highways and railway lines.
The United States and its European partners said they also would impose restrictions on Russia’s central bank to limit its ability to support the rouble and finance Mr Putin’s war effort.
“We are resolved to continue imposing costs on Russia thatwill further isolate Russia from the international financial system and our economies,” said a statement from the United States, France, Germany, Canada, Italy, Britain and the European Commission.
After initially shying away from such a move largely because of concern about the impact on their economies, the allies said they committed to “ensuring that selected Russian banks are removed from the SWIFT messaging system.”
They did not name the banks that would be expelled, but an EU diplomat said some 70% of the Russian banking market would be affected.
The decision – which the French finance minister had called a “financial nuclear weapon” because of the damage it would inflict on the Russian economy – deals a blow to Russia’s trade and makes it harder for its companies to do business.
SWIFT, a secure messaging network that facilitates rapid cross-border payments, said it was preparing to implement the measures.
Sanctions on Russia’s central bank could limit Putin’s use of his more than $630 billion in international reserves, widely seen as insulating Russia from some economic harm.
Google barred Russia’s state-owned media outlet RT and other channels from receiving money for ads on their websites, apps and YouTube videos, similar to move Facebook made.
The Kremlin said its troops were advancing again “in all directions” after Mr Putin ordered a pause on Friday. Ukraine’s government said there had been no pause.
Particularly in northern Ukraine, Russia’s forces “have been frustrated by what they have seen is a very determined resistance,” the US official said, without providing evidence.
A Ukrainian presidential adviser said about 3,500 Russian soldiers had been killed or wounded. Western officials have said intelligence showed Russia suffering higher casualties than expected.
Russia has not released casualty figures and it was impossible to verify tolls or the precise picture on the ground.
At least 198 Ukrainians, including three children, have been killed and 1,115 people wounded, Interfax quoted Ukraine’s health ministry as saying.
Interfax later cited the regional administration in Donetsk, eastern Ukraine, saying 17 civilians had been killed and 73 wounded by Russian shelling. Moscow says it is taking care to avoid civilian sites.
Ukraine, a democratic nation of 44 million people, won independence from Moscow in 1991 after the fall of the Soviet Union and wants to join NATO and the EU, goals Russia opposes.
Mr Putin has said he must eliminate what he calls a serious threat to his country from its smaller neighbour, accusing it of genocide against Russian-speakers in eastern Ukraine – something Kyiv and its Western allies reject as a lie.
UN refugee chief Filippo Grandi said more than 150,000 Ukrainian refugees have crossed into Poland, Hungary, Moldova and Romania.
US President Joe Biden approved the release of up to $350 million worth of weapons from US stocks, while Germany, in a shift from its long-standing policy of not exporting weapons to war zones, said it would send anti-tank weapons and surface-to-air missiles.